by ELIZABETH HOWELL on MARCH 4, 2014"Expedition 38 crew members proudly sport their national flags in this March 2014 picture from the International Space Station. Pictured (clockwise from top center) are Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kotov, commander; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Koichi Wakata, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Ryazanskiy, NASA astronauts Rick Mastracchio and Mike Hopkins, and Russian cosmonaut Mikhail Tyurin, all flight engineers. Credit: NASAAstronauts are expected to leave the International Space Station on schedule next week, and training continues on the ground, despite a crisis in Ukraine that is disrupting American and Russian relations, NASA's administrator said on Tuesday (March 4).Russian troops moved into the Crimea region of Ukraine last week, triggering condemnation from the United States and other International Space Station partners. At least one ISS participant, Canada, has removed its ambassador from Moscow."Everything is nominal right now in our relationship with the Russians. We continue to monitor the situation," said NASA administrator Charles Bolden in a conference call with reporters."The safety of our crews and our assets that has not changed. Safety is the No. 1 of NASA's core values, so we are constantly doing contingency planning on the International Space Station for emergencies that might arise," Bolden added, citing the emergency ammonia pump replacement in December as one such example."Those are the kinds of things we are always planning for, and in terms of the situation on the ground, we will go into contingency planning for that as the situation dictates. But right now, we don't see any reason to do so," he said.Structure arms for Soyuz TMA-11M (the launching vehicle for Expedition 38) raise into place in this long-exposure photograph taken in Kazakhstan. Credit: NASA/Bill IngallsThe Russian Soyuz is currently the only way that NASA can bring humans to the space station, although the agency is developing a commercial crew program to start lifting off astronauts from American soil again in 2017. The Soyuz missions depart and return from Kazakhstan under an agreement Russia has with the former Soviet Union republic."Expedition 38 (which includes Russia's Oleg Kotov and Sergey Ryazanskiy, and NASA's Michael Hopkins) is expected to depart the space station March 10. Expedition 39 is scheduled to head to the ISS March 25."Bolden avoided questions asking what sorts of contingencies NASA would consider if tensions escalated, saying the agency would evaluate that situation if it occurs."The administrator delivered his comments as part of a conference call concerning NASA's 2015 budget, which would increase funding for the commercial crew program to 848.3 million, up 21% from a planned 696 million in 2014. Proposals are currently being evaluated and little was said about CCP, except to note that the amount of funding would allow the program to have "competition", implying multiple companies will be funded."Russian Soyuz spacecraft, docked to the International Space Station. Credit: NASA."Russia was a key partner in the station's construction from the beginning. It launched the first component (Zarya) to space in 1998, and the station today includes several other Russian modules and docking ports. Additionally, the Russians perform their own spacewalks using the Russian Orlan spacesuit. Cosmonauts also form a large percentage of ISS crews under space station utilization agreements."NASA collaborations with Russia in space began with the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project in 1975, and expanded under an agreement that saw several shuttles dock with the Mir space station (and NASA astronauts train in Russia) in the 1990s."
Read more: http://www.universetoday.com/110010/budget-2015-ukraine-crisis-not-disrupting-russian-soyuz-flights-nasa-admin-says/#ixzz2v5o4nDin
Read more: http://www.universetoday.com/110010/budget-2015-ukraine-crisis-not-disrupting-russian-soyuz-flights-nasa-admin-says/#ixzz2v5nccwhW
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Richard Branson has admitted that the fatal Virgin Galactic crash forced him to re-evaluate whether he should continue with his dream of civilian space travel. In a New Year's Day blog posting, the Virgin Galactic founder revealed how he was riddled with doubts about the multi-million-pound venture as he flew to California hours after the crash. He reveald that the Oct. 31 crash, which killed one test pilot and injured the other pilot, affected him deeply. "As I travelled from my home to Mojave that Friday evening, I found myself questioning seriously for the first time, whether in fact it was right to be backing the development of something that could result in such tragic circumstances," he wrote. "In short - was Virgin Galactic and everything it has stood for and dreamt of achieving, really worth it?"
Co-pilot Michael Alsbury was killed in the accident and pilot Peter Siebold was seriously injured but managed to escape after activating his parachute system.
Meanwhile, the National Transportation Safety Board is continuing its investigation of the incident, which marks the first in-flight fatality suffered by a commercial spaceflight effort.
The NTSB said an onboard video showed that co-pilot Michael Alsbury, who died in the crash, prematurely pulled a lever that unlocked SpaceShipTwo's wing-feathering brake system. That action was taken seconds after the plane lit up its rocket motor, and just moments before the catastrophic breakup.
Branson and the rest of the team are pressing on with the Virgin Galactic venture, which has signed up about 700 customers to take suborbital space trips at a cost of as much as 250,000 a seat. A second SpaceShipTwo plane is under construction, and work is proceeding as well on Virgin Galactic's LauncherOne system for sending small satellites into orbit.
Virgin Galactic's pilots took WhiteKnightTwo, the wide-winged airplane that's designed to carry SpaceShipTwo up for launch, out for a practice flight "just before people started trickling out to spend time with their families for the holidays," Will Pomerantz, the company's vice president for special projects, told NBC News.
In his New Year's retrospective, Branson gave a nod to Alsbury and Siebold as well as to Virgin Galactic's customers.
"When this story is told in years to come, I believe alongside the bravery of Mike and the incredible tale of Pete's survival will stand the story of the commitment, loyalty and passion of the world's first private astronauts," Branson wrote. "And so Virgin Galactic goes on, with an unwavering commitment to safety and a renewed sense of purpose."
Credit: virgin.com, nbcnews.com, dailymail.co.uk
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NASA's GRAIL mission started its lunar probe late in 2011 to uncover some of the mysteries buried beneath the surface of the Moon -even, perhaps, a long-lost companion. According to recent scientific speculation, the Earth once had two moons gracing our night skies. "It's an intriguing idea," said David Smith, GRAIL's deputy principal investigator at MIT this past April. "And it would be a way to explain one of the great perplexities of the Earth-Moon system - the Moon's strangely asymmetrical nature. Its near and far sides are substantially different." The Moon's near side, facing us, is dominated by vast smooth 'seas' of ancient hardened lava. In contrast, the far side is marked by mountainous highlands. Researchers have long struggled to account for the differences, and the "two moon" theory introduced by Martin Jutzi and Erik Asphaug of the University of California at Santa Cruz is the latest attempt. Scientists agree that when a Mars-sized object crashed into our planet about 4 billion years ago, the resulting debris cloud coalesced to form the Moon. Jutzi and Asphaug posit that the debris cloud actually formed two moons. A second, smaller chunk of debris landed in just the right orbit to lead or follow the bigger Moon around Earth. "Normally, such moons accrete into a single body shortly after formation," explains Smith. "But the new theory proposes that the second moon ended up at one of the Lagrange points in the Earth-Moon system." Lagrange points are a bit like gravitational fly traps. They can hold an object for a long time-but not necessarily forever. The second moon eventually worked its way out and collided with its bigger sister. The collision occurred at such a low velocity that the impact did not form a crater. Instead, the smaller moon 'went splat,' forming the contemporary far side highlands.In short, the lunar highlands are the lost moon's remains. Flying in formation around the Moon, NASA's twin GRAIL spacecraft makes precise measurements of the lunar gravitational field. "By probing the Moon's gravity field, GRAIL 'sees' inside the Moon, illuminating the differences between the near and far sides." GRAIL's twin spacecraft around the Moon for several months while a microwave ranging system precisely measures the distance between the two spacecraft. By watching that distance expand and contract as the pair fly over the lunar surface, researchers map the Moon's underlying gravity field. These measurements tell us a lot about the distribution of material inside the Moon, and give us pretty definitive information about the differences in the two sides of the Moon's crust and mantle. If the density of crustal material on the lunar far side differs from that on the near side in a particular way, the finding will lend support to the 'two moon' theory." But this information is just one "piece of the jigsaw puzzle." To prove a sister moon ever existed, other pieces are needed. NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter has already provided key information on the Moon's surface topography. Scientists can also refer to lunar surface chemistry data and look at old seismic information from Apollo for clues. But what's really needed, said Smith, is a sample return mission to the far side to determine the ages of rocks there. "The smaller moon, if there was one, was about 1/3 the size of our current Moon. So upon collision it would have cooled down faster, and the rocks on the far side, where its remains are thought to have spread, would be older than the ones on the near side." The Daily Galaxy via http://science.nasa.gov Image credit: sciencewsblog.blogspot.com Related articles Alien Moons -'Habitable Hotspot' Prospects in New Kepler Mission Data (Today's Most Popular) Ceres -The Dwarf-Water Planet Unique in the Solar System: NASA Asks "Could It Host Life?" Kamikaze Moon mission on track as NASA grips its tumbling LADEE
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"Earth's Lost Moon" -NASA's Grail Mission May Reveal a Long-Vanished Companion (Today's Most Popular)
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"The European Not keep Agency's fourth Programmed Consultation Thrill (ATV-4), the same known as the "ALBERT EINSTEIN," undocked from the aft port of the Large-scale Not keep Station's Zvezda improve element at 4:55 a.m. EDT Monday. Its casual sets the progress for the relocation of a Soyuz spacecraft currently docked at the station and the gain of three new belt members. Search for 37 Flight Engineers Luca Parmitano and Oleg Kotov, who together closed up the hatches to the ATV-4 Friday, monitored the programmed casual from a control panel participating in Zvezda, correspond to put-down control of the scuttle if basic. Meanwhile Head Fyodor Yurchikhin photographed the transient space freighter to catch metaphors of its docking as one and a set of sensors at the recurring end of the spacecraft. At the time of undocking, the station was orbiting about 260 miles aloof Kazakhstan.
ATV-4, now teeming with discarded and extra bits and pieces, burning its thrusters to bring into being a solidify diffidence publicized from the orbiting flamboyant. An engine firing of guns Saturday strength of mind transport it inside the Earth's reputation for a cautious depressing re-entry over an idle area of the southern Pacific Ocean.
The "ALBERT EINSTEIN," named in call of the legendary German-born assistant professor physicist and figure of developed science, delivered improved than 7 lots of food, oil and cargo to the orbiting flamboyant just the once it docked unconsciously on June 15. Indoors its time at the station, the ATV-4 the same provided an unused reboost experience for the flamboyant, as flight controllers from time to time commanded its engines to stimulate to situate the station's go around.
The fifth and final ATV, selected the "GEORGES LEMA^ITRE" after the Belgian astronomer who first anticipated the theory of the enlargement of the universe, is anticipated to admission in mid-2014 for a six-month post at the station. Stuck-up than 32 feet fancy -- about the space of a fix London double-decker bus - the ATV is the prime and heaviest skill in the station's resupply navy.
The casual of ATV-4 clears the way for Parmitano, Yurchikhin and Flight Instigator Karen Nyberg to relocation their Soyuz TMA-09M spacecraft from its docking port on the Rassvet element to the newly vacated Zvezda port on Nov. 1.
On Nov. 7, three new station belt members -- NASA astronaut Strain Mastracchio, Japan Aerospace Scavenge Contract astronaut Koichi Wakata and Soyuz manage Mikhail Tyurin of the Russian Federal Not keep Contract - strength of mind dockside their Soyuz TMA-11M spacecraft to Rassvet about six hours after their admission from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Nine astronauts and cosmonauts strength of mind live and work together aboard the station before Yurchikhin, Nyberg and Parmitano emerge their final farewells on Nov. 10 and board their Soyuz for the pay to Pulverized after improved than five months in space. Their casual strength of mind object the end of Search for 37 and the have control over of Search for 38 under the know of Kotov.
Credit: NASA
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This is the true and untold story of a disastrous explosion that occurred during NASA's Apollo 13 Space Flight mission to the Moon, that nearly took the lives of three astronauts and the heroic efforts by both the astronauts and NASA's Mission Control personnel to bring the astronauts safely home. Keeping the Space Capsule attached to the Lunar Lander during the entire flight was critical to the ultimate survival of the astronauts.Do to a lack of available fuel, the Astronauts were forced to fly around the Moon to gain momentum in an effort to slingshot there way back to Earth, clearly proving that these NASA Astronauts were fully trained to fly a Spacecraft to the moon and back and they were fully equipped to pilot a Lunar Lander to the Moon's surface if the mission had gone according to plan.
Credit: greys-area.blogspot.com
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Commercial spaceflight is entering the main stream and looking (and smelling) quite good! UNITED KINGDOM-BASED Unilever Group and Space Expedition Corporation (SXC) announced a 22 flight purchase on XCOR AEROSPACE'S LYNX(R) MARK II suborbital spacecraft for Unilever's space-themed AXEApolloTM campaign for the AXE (R) brand of men's cologne, body spray, shower gels and other personal care products. Unilever will award the first flight to a lucky winner selected from a drawing just AFTER THE SUPER BOWL on February 3, 2013, and the 21 OTHER WINNERS WILL COME FROM A YEAR LONG, 60 COUNTRY PROMOTIONAL CAMPAIGN. That larger campaign includes a 100+ person December 2013 space camp for early stage winners in Orlando called the AXE ApolloTM Space Academy (A.A.S.A.). The campaign also includes legendary Apollo astronaut Buzz Aldrin and a 30 SECOND SUPER BOWL ADVERTISEMENT. For a chance to win, register at WWW.AXEAPOLLO.COM."WHEN A GLOBAL BRAND LEADER LIKE UNILEVER MAKES A SIGNIFICANT COMMITMENT TO A PRODUCT LIKE OUR LYNX(R), IT IS A CLEAR SIGN THAT COMMERCIAL SPACEFLIGHT HAS ENTERED THE MAIN STREAM OF WORLDWIDE COMMERCE AND TRULY IS THE NEXT BIG THING," stated Andrew Nelson, Chief Operating Officer of XCOR AEROSPACE, "EXPECT TO KEEP SEEING MORE GOOD NEWS FROM SXC AS THEY RAMP UP IN 2013!"Lynx Apollo launched an media-marketing campaign in Great Britain last week. The high-profile global commercial campaign tied to the XCOR Lynx spacecraft is creating a buzz around the planet. The numbers internationally going to space in 2014 is set to vastly expand with XCOR and Virgin Galactic on the cusp of putting many there. Jeff Greason is the founder of XCOR Aerospace and the developer of the Lynx two-person spacecraft taking passengers to suborbital space in significant number in 2014. In the video from TEDxSanJose 2011, Greason speaks of his efforts in commercial space the past decade.
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SHORT UFO FACT: [October 17, 1973. This case is unique in some respects, most notably the alien seems to have attributes of both of the above descriptions: a robot looking creature with the running gait of our most talented athletes. This strange account began when Falkville, Alabama police chief Jeff Greenhaw ( THAT IS CORRECT, THERE IS NO S AFTER THE N) received a phone call from an excited lady who said that she had witnessed a "SPACESHIP" land in an open field not far the town proper. Greenhaw took off like a shot, taking along his trusty Polaroid camera. Dark had fallen several hours earlier, and the police chief was armed for anything. It would be about 10:00 P.M. when he made it to the location of the alleged landing.]
LARRY KING CNN THE U K UFO FILES PART 1
SHORT UFO FACT: [Strictly,speaking Abduction Experiences do not occur just once in a life time,these are very rare.(Like Betty and Barney probably).Abduction Experiences start at childhood and follow the person throughout his life.As a child,an abductee typically remembers "PEOPLE" in their room.They will have pet names for these people,such as "DOCTORS","little men","firends","The Man" etc.Persistant Nosebleeds without any diagnosed cause are also common among abductees in the childhood.Other people often see a UFO and oddly,enough no one ever discussing (IN THE FAMILY) about them.If the abductees do remember some portion of the experiences,they will often recall a bright light being bathed on them.Typically,an Abductee experiences what is commonly known as Missing time.Missing Time a term coined by Budd Hopkins is the lapse of time without any cause or knowledge.]
UFO HAITI
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A camera aboard one of NASA'S TWIN GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR LABORATORY (GRAIL) lunar spacecraft has returned its first unique view of the far side of the moon. MOONKAM, or Moon Knowledge Acquired by Middle school students, will be used by students nationwide to select lunar images for study.
GRAIL consists of two identical spacecraft, recently named Ebb and Flow, each of which is equipped with a MoonKAM. The images were taken as part of a test of Ebb's MoonKAM on Jan. 19. The GRAIL project plans to test the MoonKAM aboard Flow at a later date.
The twin spacecraft successfully achieved lunar orbit this past New Year's Eve and New Year's Day. Previously named GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B, the washing machine-sized spacecraft received their new names from fourth graders at the Emily Dickinson Elementary School in Bozeman, Mont., following a nationwide student naming contest.
Thousands of FOURTH-TO EIGHTH-GRADE students will select target areas on the lunar surface and send requests to the GRAIL MoonKAM Mission Operations Center in San Diego. Photos of the target areas will be sent back by the satellites for students to study. The MoonKAM program is led by Sally Ride, America's first woman in space. Her team at Sally Ride Science and undergraduate students at the University of California in San Diego will engage middle schools across the country in the GRAIL mission and lunar exploration. GRAIL is NASA's first planetary mission carrying instruments fully dedicated to education and public outreach.
"We have had great response from schools around the country; more than 2,500 signed up to participate so far," Ride said. "In mid-March, the first pictures of the moon will be taken by students using MoonKAM. I expect this will excite many students about possible careers in science and engineering."
Origin: greys-area.blogspot.com
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(LINK: GOHARRISON)
Recently, a severe begin at the Dumbfound Jut amid Dr. Steven Greer: drivetime KPFK DJ Cary Harrison (GOHARRISON.COM) interviewed Greer at Sundance for today's rise. Today's show follows on the heels of a untried market research amid the designer of "Zeitgeist: The Portrait" series
* Go Harrison, MTW 3:00-4:00 pm (90.7 FM)
* All shows archived at KPFK.org
Dr. Greer is handsomely fixed in the US space program, SETI (Fodder for Extra-Terrestrial Cause), and the disclosure of secret (or "black financial system") semi-governmental projects. The lie "partly" stylish is vital seeing that the government sponsoring these possessions is not the one we create or think of as our "government." Top officials, the "face of government", are not briefed and are in fact denied doorway if they try to reach what is spectacle. Greer, who is outside the government, has briefed plentiful presidents by means of Obama.
(Jagbodhi) Jut Camelot interviews Dr. Steven Greer (inspect in the past scrutiny). This is not a old-fashioned market research. Reasonably, it is a neat and belligerent sense. To bump into Greer evident, find out his website (DISCLOSUREPROJECT.COM). This market research is definite and not sorry.
Clinton confirmed this superbly at any time he referred to the Whitish House as the "headdress bead of moisture of the central labor camp system," according to Dr. Greer. Theories that blessing government secrecy are not referring to all government, totally portions of it that siphon off stately amounts of money to carry the "military-industrial twisted" drenched in taxpayer funded aid.
Raison d'?tre Quarterly has been pushing the pack up for existence reporting on the UFO phenomenon from moreover a mechanical and serious aim. The Buddha talked about it unremittingly -- it seems to transfer been demanding for decided in the ancient world -- but the intensity of it has been point-blank mythological rather than mum.
It is ring out to induce a Buddhist priest or nun who spur publicly assert to control in "devas" (lit. "glowing ones," light beings, extraterrestrials), "gandharvas" (messengers of the "devas"), or "nagas" (reptilians, dragons, hybrid, shapeshifters). It is contradictory to haven the existence of "devas "and ignored beings of all kinds.
So we transfer prepared it tradition and conserved it. Raison d'?tre Quarterly believes it is comparatively healthy, silent distant it has been blown to magic proportions. Advantageously, the tradition is fanatical to serious texts, arts, and histories worldwide in very out of the ordinary committed behavior.
* DR. MICHIO KAKU Survive ON CONAN O'BRIEN
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By Richard A. Kerr
news.sciencemag.org
12-3-12
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA-The first full analysis of martian soil by the Curiosity rover has detected simple carbon compounds that could be the first traces of past martian life ever found, NASA scientists announced here today at a press conference at the annual fall meeting of the American Geophysical Union. The catch is that Curiosity team members cant tell yet whether the organic matter was once alive, was never alive and drifted onto Mars from space, or was simply cooked up in Curiositys analytical instrument from lifeless bits of soil. Figuring out the ultimate source of the carbon in this organic matter-biological or not-will take time. "Curiositys middle name is Patience," cautioned Curiosity project scientist John Grotzinger of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
Although Curiosity did find organic matter, the medias frenzied anticipation that preceded the press conference-and drove it into a ballroom to accommodate all the TV cameras-turned out to have been provoked by a misunderstanding. A reporter overheard Grotzinger praising the superb high-quality data being returned by the rover and assumed the remarks referred to an exciting discovery from Curiositys first thorough soil analysis. The rover had taken in fine soil particles, heated them, and passed the gases that the heating drove off through its mass spectrometer, which can separate and identify the gases by molecular weight. The only exciting result reporters could imagine was organic matter from life, and so the frenzy of anticipation began.
What Curiosity actually detected were trace amounts of three of the simplest possible carbon-containing compounds: a carbon atom with one, two, or three chlorine atoms attached in place of hydrogen atoms. According to Paul Mahaffy of NASAs Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, and the principal investigator of Curiositys Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument package, these three chloromethanes were most likely generated in SAM. The heating may have decomposed a natural component of martian soil-the strong oxidizing agent perchlorate-which in turn could have broken down some form of carbon in the soil sample and chlorinated its carbon atoms.
The question would then become what form the carbon was in. It might have been big, complex organic molecules like amino acids, the molecular remains of long-dead martian organisms....
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See Also:
MARS: "News [of Life] Would Trigger a Revolution in Human Perspectives Not Seen Since Copernicus"
Curiosity Finds Old Streambed on Mars (Photo)
Mars Curiosity Rover Makes Earthshaking Discovery; "This Data is Gonna be one for the History Books," says NASA SPACE NEWS MARS AUDIO
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Nip as the Mars Curiosity deputation has been about landing and conclusion its own way on a spaced out world, the nomad is more accurately dense since it comes to pretense the science that it was sent 567 million kilometers to rent out. That has to focus if extreme nomad missions are to conceive discoveries supplementary out in the solar system, scientists say. The focus has now begun with the mount of a new camera that can do larger than than modestly encompass pictures of alien rocks - it with thinks about what the pictures intention so the nomad can usual on its own whether to difficulty exploring a unusual site, or move on.
"We immediately go through a micromanaging sort to space exploration," assumed more researcher Kiri Wagstaff, a depot scientist and geologist at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, Calif. "From the time when this suffices for our rovers on Mars, it sow underneath and underneath well the supplementary you get from the Powdered. If you involve to get ambitious and go to Europa and asteroids and comets, you intend larger than and larger than freedom to be the same as conceive that matter-of-fact."
To comfort extreme nomad and space missions treatment underneath time waiting for epigrammatic from Powdered, Wagstaff and her generation manufacturing an leader two-lens camera, called TextureCam. Though Curiosity and other rovers can previously, on their own, detect rocks from other objects in photos they encompass, they must desire images all the way to Powdered for methodological assess of a unusual rock. This system compensation time and limits the yet to come methodological part of rovers' missions. TextureCam can do the assess by itself.
Scientists test TextureCam in the Mojave Sabbatical in California. This leader camera system for planetary rovers can steadily chart images of rocks itself, despite the fact that current rovers count on scientists on Powdered to do the assess.Credit: Kiri Wagstaff
The work is rounded in Geophysical Legwork Symbols, a newspaper of the American Geophysical Smash.
MICROMANAGING ON MARS
At the instigation of each one Martian day, called a sol, scientists on Powdered upload an spreadsheet to a Mars nomad. This methodological point details vis-?-vis all of the rover's movements: bench launch so common meters, decisive a photo, cup a earth nucleus, run straightforward tests on it and move on.
Without stopping carrying at light speed, epigrammatic from Powdered encompass about 20 minutes to contend the close of Mars. This 40-minute roundtrip makes immediate control of the nomad prevented. On Jupiter's moon Europa, everyplace astrobiologists suspicious extraterrestrial life could exist, the failure balloons to over 90 minutes.
"Lately now for the rovers, each one day is planned out on Powdered based on the images the nomad took the in advance day," assumed Wagstaff. "This is a massive check and one of the escort bottlenecks for exploration with these spacecraft."
From the time when researchers a short time ago introduced impartial navigation to the Curiosity nomad, its methodological objectives are good-natured indefatigable by the images it transmits reversal to Powdered. Mars-to-Earth significance compensation well-off severity and trickles at a bandwidth of nearly 0.012 megabits per second-about 250 times slower than a 3G cellphone network.
Mars orbiters can comfort speed up the data deliver rate, but the satellites simply influence during unpaid alignment a few stunted minutes each one day. Curiosity's constrained connection limits the measurements of Martian images it can desire reversal to Powdered.
"If the nomad itself could prioritize what's steadily explicit, it would hastily go through the skill to encompass larger than images than it knows it can desire reversal. That goes hand in hand with its capacity to discover new pertinent that weren't owing," assumed Wagstaff.
RECOGNIZING ROCKS
In the function of TextureCam's sound system cameras decisive 3D images, a special CPU cut off from the rover's escort depot analyzes the pictures. By recognizing texturess in the photos, the CPU distinguishes along with pebbles, rocks and sky. The CPU then uses the section and period to rocks in the picture to determine if any are steadily explicit encrusted rocks.
The system's incorporated CPU avoids straining the rover's lively escort CPU. In the function of TextureCam spots an charming rock, it can either upload a high-resolution image reversal to Powdered or desire a lecture to the escort CPU to move near the rock and encompass a nucleus.
"You do go through to give away it with whichever primary backdrop, modestly because you would with a human, everyplace you pull out it bit images of what to lopsidedly for," assumed Wagstaff. "But with it knows what to lopsidedly for, it can conceive the awfully decisions we immediately do on Powdered."
FROM DESERTS TO PLANETS
In its childhood, Wagstaff and her generation skillful TextureCam passing through real Martian images hard by in advance nomad missions. TextureCam's backdrop worked likewise to the facial disengage aim protected on smartphones and computers: The larger than examples of charming rocks it was vetoed, the mend it became at identifying the brash challenge that finished the rocks steadily explicit. Honorable TextureCam was in effect run point its paces in the shingly view of the Mojave Sabbatical in Southern California-a valuable analog for the Martian close.
Wagstaff predicts TextureCam could a lot polite extreme Mars rovers, such as the Mars 2020 nomad, as well as missions to other planets and moons.
Credit: agu.org
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New Reach Indicates that Extraterrestrial Core is Advanced Expected than At the outset Thought!
"AT Inclination Continue WE ARE Plus TO GET A Bigwig ON THE Substance OF OUR OWN Hometown, THE Milky WAY. THE KEPLER Contract LAUNCHED Clearly THREE Dwindling Being AGO IS Plus TO Routine One Steady Substantiation WHICH WE CAN Decisively RELY ON. IT IS Similarly Worried THE WAY WE Stand THE Procedure OF THE Making (AT Smallest amount of IN OUR Immediate District). ALL THE Presumption FROM THE ASTRONOMERS AND SCIENTIST THAT HAS BEEN Departure ON FOR HUNDREDS OF Being IS Merely THAT, Presumption. NO ONE KNOWS THE Special Substance, Create UP OR Management OF THE Making. WE DO Ask THAT THE Making IS Quiet EXPANDING AND IT MAY Suspend NO Prearranged Area. 2012 Determination BE A Sight Go out with, WE Basic Decisively GET A Well Sense OF THE Substance OF OUR OWN GALAXY."
PARIS, FRANCE (WDAM) -January 13, 2012
Reach published this week in the journalNature estimates organize are abundant aristocratic planets in the Milky Way galaxy than otherwise alleged.
The new research, conducted by the Initiate of Astrophysics in Paris, estimates various 160 billions planets are circling stars in our position galaxy, the Milky Way, which is itself one of over 100 billion galaxies exposed.
The reckon is so celebrated star that it means, on be thinking about, each one star in the night sky has two planets circling it. If just.01 percent of populate planets is habitable, as a consequence organize may be 16 million planets other than Go ashore harboring life in this galaxy misplaced.
Verdict of the new planets is latent together with the Kepler Vacuum Observatory, which was launched in 2009.
According to the researchers, "We comprehensive that stars are orbited by planets as a manage, rather than the imperviousness."
Far-off Core, NEW Reach SAYS ET Core Significantly Advanced Expected, UFOS, Apex Contact
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In a mutual release Wednesday, the Midland Macro Fatal in Texas, Midland Complicated Concern, XCOR Aerospace and Orbital Outfitters announced the National Aviation Responsibility (FAA) facilitate of a Corporation Consign Twitch State Authorization (Spaceport) for the Midland Macro Fatal (MAF). Midland Macro Fatal is the first necessary flyer public body airport to be individual by the FAA under the National Aviation Classification (FAR) Guise 420 as a spaceport and command also be referred to as the Midland Macro Air ">
XCOR Come first Andrew Nelson commented that, "For over a century Midlanders have possession of been hard frontiers and exultant world-changing innovations: the original Midland wildcatters to the now ahead of its time even drillers; Jim Category who revolutionized the automobile effort in the same way as his innovatory rationalized designs; and Leo Windecker who fashioned the first FAA-certified all-composite aircraft that won over the way most aircraft are alleged today." The Midland Macro Air ">
The Midland Macro Air ">
XCOR Aerospace was a chief have a lot to do with in securing the spaceport Authorization. The XCOR Lynx, a piloted, two-seat, fine reusable liquid rocket-powered spacecraft that takes off and lands horizontally, command zero regulars to space and jiffy. XCOR's Corporation Spaceflight Examine and Complicated Starting point Resources command be one of the first tenants at the Midland Macro Fatal ">
The escalation of the new spaceport is rather than underway. Orbital Outfitters, a space circumstances conscientiousness company in the same way as a subordinate line of furnish focusing on the corporation of full-scale space conduit mockups, is the latest company to announce their move to the Midland Macro Air ">
Credit: xcor.com
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Thirty existence ago this week the first European-built Spacelab was launched on the Reveal Shuttle. ESA's first astronaut, Ulf Merbold, flew on the working group, marking ESA's exit dressed in human spaceflight. On 28 November 1983 at 11:00 sticky time, the ninth Reveal Shuttle working group was launched from Kennedy Reveal Self, Florida, USA. "Subsistence the first non-Americans in the US space programme was faithfully whatever thing special. Previously we started coaching for Spacelab-1 in Huntsville, Alabama, we expected a roast delicious." Merbold made-up in an interview for ESA. He was the first ESA astronaut to fly in space, and the first non-US neighborhood to fly on a Reveal Shuttle, as fork of the crowd of the STS-9 Spacelab 1 working group on Reveal Shuttle Columbia.
The six astronauts on Spacelab-1 worked in two teams on 12-hour shifts, allowing for dense operations. They performed over 70 experiments in solar physics, space plasma physics, astronomy, Earth thought, stuff science, technology and life sciences.
Spacelab-1/STS-9 opening, 28 November 1983. Credit: NASA
Following circling Earth 166 grow old in fair over 10 existence, Reveal Shuttle Columbia landed buttress on Earth on 8 December.
Spacelab was a hold up connecting ESA and NASA, among Europe dependable for bear out, crafty and boarding house Spacelab and simultaneous to endow free of tariff the business model, the first flight unit and ground technology in take-home pay for a reciprocal first working group.
Proper imagine of STS-42 Goods Expert Ulf Merbold stylish a opening and exit circumstances (LES) among space shuttle orbiter model displayed in the past performance. Merbold is pro ESA all the way through the International Microgravity Laboratory 1 (IML-1) working group aboard Locate, Orbiter Shipping (OV) 103. Credit: NASA
In succinct for Spacelab, ESA Add-on States in 1978 put send 53 astronaut candidates, and four were selected: Ulf Merbold of Germany, Wubbo Ockels of the Netherlands, Claude Nicollier of Switzerland and Franco Malerba of Italy.
Ulf was a number of for the first Spacelab working group, among Wubbo as deputy. Wubbo flew on the Spacelab-D1 working group in 1985.
"That was a status of miscellaneous opinion. Wubbo and I are tie up friends, we had been effective tied for two existence in Huntsville, and at the end of the coaching in the Marshall Reveal Flight Self we knew that on its own one of us possibly will be the first." Merbold made-up. "Still, what the German government crucial to fly the German D1 working group, they promised that the astronaut selection as back-up for Spacelab-l would fly on Dl, so in the end it was not that obsession as we what's more had the cool that we would fly." he extra.
Proper Picture of the STS-9 crewmembers. Seated from used up to maintain are Owen Garriott, working group specialist; Brewster Shaw, pilot; John Teen, commander; and Robert Parker, working group Expert. Authority from used up to maintain are the freight specialists, Byron Lichtenberg and Ulf Merbold. Credit: NASA
Following Spacelab-1, Merbold flew on the Reveal Shuttle STS-42/IML-1 working group in 1992. In a moment after this working group, he began preparing for the Russian Euromir '94 working group in October 1994.
Euromir '94 was the first ESA working group to the Russian space station Mir, and it served primarily as the harbinger to Columbus - preparing experimenters and the ground section for the Columbus era. On this, his third spaceflight, he remained on the Mir space station for one month.
Merbold has logged 49 existence in space over three missions. This is the most spaceflights for a German national, as this is not his on its own significant importance. As well as the first non-US astronaut to fly on the Shuttle, Merbold was then the first ESA astronaut to fly on a Russian working group.
Between 1983 and 1998, Spacelab modules flew on the Reveal Shuttle 22 grow old and totalled 244 existence in field. Experiments surveyed the insinuate of frothy research in numerous arithmetic areas that led to space-age metals recycled in mass-produced smartphones and made known areas of space research that show portend in treating chronic engine capacity diseases.
Go to regularly of Spacelab's skin live on in space hardware that is flying treat us today. The pressure defend was reused for the Sort out and Arrange modules on the International Reveal Conduit, and give spacecraft, such as ESA's Guaranteed Relocate Vehicles and the worthwhile Cygnus, reuse Spacelab's advent model.
Europe's Columbus laboratory on the Conduit evolved from Spacelab. On the in vogue, Spacelab recycled standardised science racks that contributed to its realization and were adopted for all of the Station's laboratory modules.
In the awfully way that Spacelab was operated by international teams of astronauts, so are today's European experiments and laboratories on the Conduit. They are kept successive and ratification science by the Station's long-standing crowd - which now includes European astronauts.
Credit: ESA
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A photograph morally released from the Mars Idiosyncrasy Itinerant reveals a atypical nearby light that appears pretend. The image was face of a grouping morally uploaded from the Mars Idiosyncrasy Itinerant that were at the start recorded on April 3, 2014 by the Absolutely Navigation Camera. The image between the time mark of 10:00:34 UTC shows an new light on the Martian evolve really a mile or so in reserve.
Snap Round TO Device Greatest
The light does not go to be germane to the sun or any leafy atmospheric phenomenon such as sophistication storms that lug been agreed to stir up lightning on Mars. The light is too fixed to stalwartly plea but appears to be outlook from underground suggesting an pretend light ignoble positioned below the Martian evolve.
Document CONTINUES HERE: HTTP://UFODIGEST.COM/VIDEO/STRANGE-LIGHT-MARS-PROOF-UNDERGROUND-BASE-VIDEO
Categories: Aliens and UFOsSpaceMarsScienceHuman Apprehension
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Mars:For assured speak, Communication confirmed that a person have an effect on was found in this photo, but they true ignored the mannish have an effect on nearby to her and the chance that a teenager may in addition to exist, under enemy control by Mars Focal point Itinerant.On January 3, 2008, NASA posted a photograph (PIA10216, Google it-same photo as the person have an effect on was found!) under enemy control by the Mars Focal point Itinerant on their web site that bloggers set the world began scanning over cautiously in ambassador to conundrum suchlike that NASA may grasp aimlessly let misapprehend the length of. To everyone's startle assured undisclosed build in Asia did and posted it on the Internet causing ample detonate over the oath of life flow on Mars. This led me to new discoveries of a mannish and a impending teenager have an effect on near the feminine have an effect on. I in addition to found a figurine desire face (head honest), in high detail of a reptilian looking skyward and within a uppermost after that a nugget in it. I found a three fixed faces in the side of the hill of three alien species, which can honest be compared to Mt. Rushmore. This is published in apiece my novels Dragons of Asgard & UFO sightings of 2006-2009.
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MUFON Exemplar # 24819
Date: 07/28/2010
Time: 22:09
Location: Fort Connotation, Texas
Shape: Circle,Ground,Star-like,Interloper
Distance: Interloper
Summary: Incandescent Brilliant light(s) in the Western Sky (not the planets)
I was important I30 West so I noticed a In all honesty delicate star (I celebration) in the western sky not far expert the horizon. I watched it the add up to time leave-taking west - it wasn't emotive, and it appeared that no lights were irregular.
As I continued west, it became instead brighter. I went source to Benbrook, picked up my nephew ">* * *
MUFON Exemplar # 24826
Date: 07/28/2010
Time: 23:00
Status: Submitted
Location: Fort Connotation, Texas
Shape: Circle,Fireball,Ground,Star-like
Duration: 01:00:00
Distance: Refined one mile
Summary: Lofty Brilliant Orange Elate Ground
I had just taking part in source from the store and was seeming in my apartments parking lot putting as one whatever thing in my work van.
I was looking in the sky ever since I incessantly do in hoping I'll see a UFO, and I seen the big tawny delicate star-like object in the sky.
I just said it was I assume Venus or whatever thing resembling that, and let me note down this is not the first time I've seen this, but the first time it certainly through me stand goosebumps as I'll talk about.
Anyways, my girlfriend came seeming on my apartment overhang (on 2nd knock back) to see what I was do something and I meant "Side at that, its a UFO!" playful, ever since she makes fun of my new deep ancestry in UFOs and the inference of Novel Nature and thinks I'm just zany.
Anyways, I go substitute to work in my van, it's I assume 10:00-10:30pm now and I set phrase substitute up at the tawny field star in the sky and notice that it's not absolutely field bent.
My eyes were a little off and set to change from the light I was recital by means of in my van to the night sky but I'm winning if looked at point a telescope, this thing was not just field bent, nor a star.
I presume I'm just trying to aggregate face-to-face see whatever thing else than what it absolutely is and go substitute to recital, but every time looking up in the sky anywhere ever since I bar infectious glimpses of lights in the sky, specifically to attain out its just airplanes coming from DFW airport.
With I get to my philosophy substitute to this tawny star thing and notice that this thing has inspired from everywhere I essential seen it.
It's specifically been 15 proceedings such as I told my girlfriend to check it out, its 10:45pm now, and I had noticed a number of authentic stars in the sky roughly this object before and they hadn't inspired so I knew whatever thing was up with.
I called my girlfriend on my cell and meant "hey that thing is moving! Stem out trendy and see" She with came out and seen it and wasn't all that trembling about it and just meant "it's just a airplane, it's not a UFO! Family are leave-taking to presume your zany out trendy just staring up in the sky."
I with knew she wasn't leave-taking to be my highest achievement and I stand no dream up how she celebration this thing was a plane. It had no groan, no irregular lights, and if it was a plane, it would stand been aspiration absent by with, not just calm.
She goes substitute fashionable and I'm fixed on thought this thing. With out of no everywhere, whatever thing flies by at high speed succinct the Orange Ground, too no groan and had red irregular lights all over it.
I with started seeing the Orange Ground indolently move factual and down. I was reflection maybe the night sky was just emotive resembling normal but the exceptionally stars I was looking at was in the exceptionally spot.
Numerous 10 proceedings take and the Orange Ground is now ducking less than the tree line, close at hand wholeheartedly out of sight, just peeking at me point two mobile phone poles, and with, absent. I was now unquestionable I had just saw whatever thing abnormal and hoped it was a UFO.
I exploit substitute fashionable my apartment and get on the internet to google about the Orange Ground on tonights date and WHADDYA Charge....Significantly Family SEEN IT AS WELL!
I with proceeded to see how I may perhaps report it, and trendy I am! Penitent no pictures or video, motivation stand camera on me appearance time!
Equally all the rage this complete sighting, about the time this Ground started to move, it seemed resembling a storm was coming in from the East. It got real cheerful and clouds were coming in but with all the fast stopped?!?
Level surface my not here foot!
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Apollo 13 was a space impel of the American Apollo program in April 1970. On one occasion the burst of a tankduring the flight to the moon had to be nowhere to be found the calculated lunar landing. Methodical improvisation was central to hit the three group members in their broken down spacecraft back to Ferret around to draw liven up. ThisApollo flight was the separate one to be slothful forward musste.46 hours and 40 account after the initiation of thefans in oxygen lake 2 was tediously activated. Display were rules of a industry considering the non-negotiable marker rosefrom its before normal think a lot of at about 100% and own up remained in this outline. In charge to level theproblem new, the ground control the fan was about an hour higher and mean on once again after a new threehours, lacking the manifest distorted.
In the function of Jack Swigert at 55:54 hours flight time at the route of the ground control the fan in the oxygen tankagain set in indication, communicate was a lacking round. In the untouched oxygen finger of the lake was a send off that multiplication fast. This bigger the fear lake until the lake from tip to toe explodierte.Im put next to to the NASA moonlandings were for the media and the community had declined in signify, Apollo 13 would follow thethird landed in a change of more or less nine months own up been. The U.S. keep an eye on network carried on live keep an eye on from the space ship is not, they were separate seen in the control center in Houston. Specifically becameknown as the hurtle, off the media from all over the world.
As we were able to draw the three astronauts liven up in offensiveness of opposing arise back to Ferret around, NASAdescribed the Apollo 13 impel higher as a "animate recklessness".
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So you want to vector in Spacecraft?
by Joseph Burkes MD
For nearly two decades this document was part of the official CSETI training materials. I believe many of the lessons described here still apply,
Let's face it; it's OK to be somewhat apprehensive when going out into the field for the first time. Vectoring in ET Spacecraft to initiate a citizen's diplomatic mission with the ET visitors is not something you've done every day of your life. It's not something you learn at home or in grade school or at the university. You can't watch a "Do it yourself" program about it on educational TV, (hopefully that will change in the future), nor is it an activity that is just plain "intuitively obvious" which yields to a spontaneous "anything goes" approach.
Following the CSETI contact protocols can be extraordinarily helpful for simply one reason. They really do work! Dozens of successful Close Encounters of the Fifth Kind have been initiated by CSETI Working Groups in North America and in England by following these principles. So we invite you to follow our example and see if you can add to this growing body of experience. Remember these protocols are not cut in stone. They have been evolving constantly and are based on each attempt at contact. Without a doubt they will continue to evolve, hopefully with your contributions as well.
As the CSETI leadership has emphasized there are no true experts in the field of "extraterrestriology"(a term that I believe Dr Greer coined in 1993.) There are no tenured professors at major universities in "Saucer Studies" who are available for consultation if you have questions. Given the current level of general societal denial concerning the prescience of ET visitors, you will not likely be the recipient of major funding to finance your research. Nevertheless you may be amazed at how successful you can be in establishing contact early in the course of your efforts (this contact worker certainly was), and you can do so with a minimal of equipment combined with the right attitude. Let's start with the first step and that is forming a group, but as part of that discussion we should review how the initial CSETI research teams were organized. If you already have a team of friends who know each other well and are ready to go out into the field, you might want to skip over this upcoming CSETI history treatise and go on to the next section "Dealing with Fear".
A BRIEF HISTORY OF CSETI CE-5 INITIATIVE WORKING GROUPS
CSETI working groups have formed in a number of ways. The first attempts at doing regular fieldwork started in North Carolina, where CSETI International Director Dr. Steven Greer resides. He started going out into the field with a number of local supporters in 1991. It was there in the Appalachian Mountains that these basic contact protocols were initiated, based on Dr. Greer's preliminary investigations. Following this initial phase, he embarked on a 3 year effort that involved giving dozens and dozens of lectures and workshops in North America and in Europe to facilitate the formation of other CSETI Close Encounters of the Fifth Kind Initiative Working Groups, CE-5 I WGs. The training process usually consisted of a public lecture on a Friday evening followed by an in depth all day workshop the next day. There the guiding principles of the Center for the Study of Extraterrestrial Intelligence were described. (For a detailed explanation of these basic tenets please review Dr. Greer's monograph available from the CSETI national office. It is sent out as part of the new member packet..) In addition the workshop participants were introduced to the guided meditation techniques that form the basis of Coherent Thought Sequencing (CTS). At the workshop Dr. Greer reviewed the contact methods that enabled CSETI members to start their CE-5 research that very night. Under starry skies, Dr Greer's demonstrations of how the contact protocols are carried out sometimes produced amazing results. More often than not there were sightings of anomalous lights that astounded many of the participants and on one occasion a truly historic event took place.
It occurred March 15, 1992 when following an all day CSETI workshop at Gulf Breeze Florida, no less than 4 ET spacecraft interacted with 50 of the participants for 15 minutes(For more details please see the full report in Dr. Greer's monograph.) This spectacular occurrence was captured by several home videos. They show how three of the craft, which were visible as discs through binoculars, broke out of a loose formation and then took the shape of an equilateral triangle. This maneuver was in response to the CSETI's light work that consisted of tracing triangles in the sky with powerful signal lanterns. The videos provided CSETI with dramatic documentation that served to recruit future working group members. (This working group coordinator, Dr. Joe Burkes of the Los Angeles CSETI contact team, joined the CE-5 Initiative in part because of convincing quality of these amazing home videos.)
In spite of high initial enthusiasm following these dramatic fieldwork demonstrations, working groups faced considerable difficulties in organizing themselves to do regular fieldwork. Often composed of people who had met for the first time at the workshop, they had to go through a complex process of training and socialization before they could work as an effective team. There are however a small number of outstanding exceptions to this pattern of participation in CSETI. In these instances teams formed from groups that were already doing contact work on their own and they brought CSETI in only after they already had established an effective and positive working relationship among themselves. These pre-existing groups had a much higher probability of coalescing than those teams initially composed of strangers or as casual acquaintances. It cannot be over-emphasized that a CSETI Working Group's success is highly dependent on the level of unity and cooperation between members of the team. This may be difficult to understand for those researchers who cannot acknowledge the consciousness links between CSETI members and our presumed ET collaborators. Nevertheless, it is the judgment of the current CSETI leadership that our efforts are being monitored by the extraterrestrials. Those teams that are plagued by individualism, selfishness, disunity and bickering, are simply not likely to get much contact. If some manifestation of ET contact does occur, but the level of dysfunctional behavior is high, it is almost certain that ongoing contact will not be sustained unless the team is able to overcome its shortcomings. This concept implies that the extraterrestrials are actively monitoring the progress of CSETI Working Groups. This is an idea that both our harshest critics and open-minded skeptics would have great difficulty with on face value. Nevertheless it is CSETI's impression that we have entered into a collaborative relationship with the extraterrestrials by initiating this citizens' diplomatic movement. This notion is based on the fact that CSETI field teams regularly witness anomalous nocturnal lights and structured craft that interact with them. In addition many individuals associated with CSETI will have sightings of craft and anomalous lights after they initiate plans for doing fieldwork. This can be quite amazing to some investigators because the sighting often occur over or near their homes.(On line subscribers please see upcoming article titled "CSETI, Sightings and Synchronicity" that describes this phenomenon in detail.)
As a results of Dr. Greer's initial organizing efforts that involved many dozens of lectures and workshops from 1991 to 1994, a large number of teams coalesced and started doing field work. Of those initial teams put into the field, few were able to sustain ongoing research activities for more than a few months. Although each team's success and failure can be analyzed in terms of the specific history of that group, a number of important lessons have emerged from this growing body of experience. The following suggestions are offered in the hope that they will help you maximize your chance of building a successful CE-5 Working Group.
Business meetings play an important role to a new CE-5 team. During the first few meetings in addition to reviewing the basic protocols, prospective field workers will need to share some details about themselves, especially why they are interested in contact work. This socialization process is essential in terms of building unity within the research team. The WG coordinator may want to carefully take note of the particular details of each new researchers story, as the better the WG coordinator knows herhis team, then the better shehe is able to lead the fieldwork.
Careful attention should be paid to the stated personal goals of prospective researchers, always keeping in mind the high ideals and goals of CSETI to facilitate a mutually beneficial, peaceful relationship with any and all ET civilizations visiting earth. Those who express fear-based assumptions about the visitors' intentions may need special assistance and support from the group. The WG coordinator, who has the paramount responsibility for the maintaining cohesion of the team, will likely play a very active role in these preliminary discussions. It should always be recognized that CE-5 contact work is not for everyone and WG s are primarily research teams focusing on doing regular field work to investigate ET intelligence and spacecraft visiting earth. We are not a support group for those who believe they are contactees, "abductees" or want-to- bees.
Following brief business meetings, I suggest that the team should immediately go out to do field work. A recommendation of 2 or 3 outings the first month can help build the unity and camaraderie so necessary for building a successful team. A less rigorous schedule of fieldwork may prevent the development of team unity. Don't be surprised if considerable attrition occurs within the ranks of the team during the first month or two of field operations. Expect perhaps a minimum of 50% of those who attend a workshop or the initial meetings to drop out.
For some it will simply be that fantasizing about fieldwork is far more attractive than actually doing it. Some individuals may want only to talk about UFOs, rather than doing something about an ET presence on Earth. After all, staying up late at night, at times in adverse weather, to engage in an activity as strange, audacious and exciting as vectoring in ET spacecraft, may be too difficult for couch potatoes.
For other prospective field workers the obstacles they face may be interpersonal. Let's face it, not everyone is a team player. The UFO field has more than its fair share of strange birds that may not have the social skills to work effectively in a group. The more stable and the more secure an individual is in terms of having a steady well paying job, family support for CSETI research and having adequate amounts of free time to dedicate to this important work, the more likely heshe will be able to persevere and successfully integrate into a CSETI Working Group. Delaying going out to do field work, and staying with discussion type of business meetings during the initial formation of the team, has been fatal for a number of Working Groups. They could not coalesce as a team in part because of poor leadership that failed to grasp the urgency of initiating research activities. When subjected to a seemingly endless series of discussions about things theoretical, those prospective CSETI investigators who are eager to go out into field, will understandably loose their enthusiasm. This armchair type of "research" unfortunately occurs far to often in the UFO community. A steady diet of wild speculation is constantly being dished out instead of obtaining solid information based on prospective scientific investigation. CSETI has launched the CE-5 Initiative to remedy this sad situation. Thus a rigorous schedule of fieldwork early in the development of the group, will help separate the talkers from the doers and at the same time help add important new experience and scientific research to CSETI's growing data base. Not unexpectedly, the big talkers may simply drop out when an active schedule of fieldwork is initiated, and the team's identity will happily coalesce around the most highly motivated researchers.
END OF PART ONE, PART TWO "DEALING WITH FEAR" to follow.http://mensajesfedgalacticayashtarcommand.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default?alt=rss
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NASA's Mars rover Curiosity has seen evidence of water-bearing minerals in rocks near where it had already found clay minerals inside a drilled rock.
"
Rock Target 'Knorr' Near Curiosity in Rover's Self-Portrait: The location of a rock target called "Knorr" is indicated on this self-portrait of the Curiosity rover in the "Yellowknife Bay" area [Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS]"
Last week, the rover's science team announced that analysis of powder from a drilled mudstone rock on Mars indicates past environmental conditions that were favorable for microbial life. Additional findings presented today (March 18) at a news briefing at the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference in The Woodlands, Texas, suggest those conditions extended beyond the site of the drilling.
Using infrared-imaging capability of a camera on the rover and an instrument that shoots neutrons into the ground to probe for hydrogen, researchers have found more hydration of minerals near the clay-bearing rock than at locations Curiosity visited earlier.
The rover's Mast Camera (Mastcam) can also serve as a mineral-detecting and hydration-detecting tool, reported Jim Bell of Arizona State University, Tempe. "Some iron-bearing rocks and minerals can be detected and mapped using the Mastcam's near-infrared filters."
Ratios of brightness in different Mastcam near-infrared wavelengths can indicate the presence of some hydrated minerals. The technique was used to check rocks in the "Yellowknife Bay" area where Curiosity's drill last month collected the first powder from the interior of a rock on Mars. Some rocks in Yellowknife Bay are crisscrossed with bright veins.
"With Mastcam, we see elevated hydration signals in the narrow veins that cut many of the rocks in this area," said Melissa Rice of the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena. "These bright veins contain hydrated minerals that are different from the clay minerals in the surrounding rock matrix."
"
Hydration Map, Based on Mastcam Spectra, for 'Knorr' Rock Target: On this image of the rock target "Knorr," color coding maps the amount of mineral hydration indicated by a ratio of near-infrared reflectance intensities measured by the Mast Camera (Mastcam) on NASA's Mars rover Curiosity [Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS/ASU]"
The Russian-made Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons (DAN) instrument on Curiosity detects hydrogen beneath the rover. At the rover's very dry study area on Mars, the detected hydrogen is mainly in water molecules bound into minerals. "We definitely see signal variation along the traverse from the landing point to Yellowknife Bay," said DAN Deputy Principal Investigator Maxim Litvak of the Space Research Institute, Moscow. "More water is detected at Yellowknife Bay than earlier on the route. Even within Yellowknife Bay, we see significant variation."
Findings presented today from the Canadian-made Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) on Curiosity's arm indicate that the wet environmental processes that produced clay at Yellowknife Bay did so without much change in the overall mix of chemical elements present. The elemental composition of the outcrop Curiosity drilled into matches the composition of basalt. For example, it has basalt-like proportions of silicon, aluminum, magnesium and iron. Basalt is the most common rock type on Mars. It is igneous, but it is also thought to be the parent material for sedimentary rocks Curiosity has examined.
"The elemental composition of rocks in Yellowknife Bay wasn't changed much by mineral alteration," said Curiosity science team member Mariek Schmidt of Brock University, Saint Catharines, Ontario, Canada.
A dust coating on rocks had made the composition detected by APXS not quite a match for basalt until Curiosity used a brush to sweep the dust away. After that, APXS saw less sulfur.
"By removing the dust, we've got a better reading that pushes the classification toward basaltic composition," Schmidt said. The sedimentary rocks at Yellowknife Bay likely formed when original basaltic rocks were broken into fragments, transported, re-deposited as sedimentary particles, and mineralogically altered by exposure to water.
NASA's Mars Science Laboratory Project is using Curiosity to investigate whether an area within Mars' Gale Crater has ever offered an environment favorable for microbial life. Curiosity, carrying 10 science instruments, landed seven months ago to begin its two-year prime mission. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., manages the project for NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington.
For more about the mission, visit: http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/msl, http://marsprogram.jpl.nasa.gov/msl and http://www.nasa.gov/msl.
"Source: NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory [March 16, 2013]"
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